整合威胁研究:学术脉络、理论意涵及其在跨文化传播中的应用

陈薇

国际新闻界 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2) : 120-139.

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国际新闻界 ›› 2024, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2) : 120-139.
研究论文

整合威胁研究:学术脉络、理论意涵及其在跨文化传播中的应用

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Integrated Threat Theory: Academic Evolution, Theoretical Implications and its Application in Intercultural Communication

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摘要

偏见于人与生俱来亦无处不在,是跨文化研究的经典议题。但传统的心理学、社会学等研究范式取径单一,缺乏统合性的理论视角和模型指标。整合威胁理论沿袭了社会认同论、现实群体冲突论与象征种族主义对偏见的系统性探索,将对威胁的关注提升至偏见研究的中心地位,搭建起从多元前因到偏见后果的流程链路。研究以此出发,挖掘整合威胁研究的学术脉络、廓清理论体系,尝试在文化差异、群际关系、多元文明与边缘群体等维度将该理论应用于跨文化传播中来,以解构、重构核心议题,从而为穿越地方性文化场景探索文化偏见之源、理解多文明政治与跨文化交往的现实逻辑提供可扩展的方向。

Abstract

The existence of prejudice in human beings is innate and ubiquitous, making it a classic topic of cross-cultural research. However, the conventional research paradigms in fields like psychology and sociology have tended to take a narrow approach, lacking a unifying theoretical perspective and comprehensive indicator models. Integrated threat theory builds upon the systematic exploration of prejudice by social identity theory, realistic group conflict theory and symbolic racism, elevates the focus on threat to the central position of prejudice research, and sets up a process path from multiple antecedents to the consequences of prejudice. Starting from this, the research delves into the academic context of integrated threat theory and elucidates its theoretical framework, trying to apply this theory to intercultural communication in the dimensions of cultural differences, intergroup relations, diversified civilization and marginal groups, so as to deconstruct and reconstruct the core issues. Thus, it provides an expandable direction for exploring the origins of cultural prejudice in navigating local cultural scenes and comprehending the reality logic of multicultural politics and cross-cultural interactions.

关键词

偏见 / 感知威胁 / 整合威胁论 / 跨文化传播 / 文化差异

Key words

Prejudice / perceived threat / integrated threat theory / intercultural communication / cultural difference

引用本文

导出引用
陈薇. 整合威胁研究:学术脉络、理论意涵及其在跨文化传播中的应用[J]. 国际新闻界. 2024, 46(2): 120-139
CHEN Wei. Integrated Threat Theory: Academic Evolution, Theoretical Implications and its Application in Intercultural Communication[J]. Chinese Journal of Journalism & Communication. 2024, 46(2): 120-139

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注释 [Notes]

1. 华中科技大学新闻与信息传播学院硕士研究生丁宇梁、管天浩参与了本研究部分文献的收集和整理。

2. 整合威胁研究的前导模型和理论假设要追溯至20世纪80年代,例如“无知-偏见”因果模型(1984年)、群际焦虑模型(1985年)等对于最终模型的提出有着重大贡献。斯蒂芬团队在1998年的研究中首次使用“integrated threat theory”表述,并于2000年首次发表ITT模型,后经数论修订逐步完善。基于研究主旨和字数所限,本文仅详细介绍几次重大修订,示意图23基于两次完整修订结果绘制。

3. 该图基于斯蒂芬2000年提出的ITT模型绘制。该模型通过对美国移民、西班牙和以色列移民、不同性别群体、平权行动受益者、卢旺达难民等展开的实证研究来验证威胁的四种基本类型,但对于威胁前因的分类并未予以验证。原模型对于后果“偏见”的表述为“态度”(attitudes),为便于理解,本研究结合原文意思略作修改。

基金

国家社科基金一般项目“新时代中国全球性议题设置能力建设研究”(21BXW044)

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