本文以早期外报为考察对象，分析了19世纪中文报刊的两种新闻观念。研究认 为，传教士报刊和外商报刊在理解新闻时，形成了“益闻”与“风闻”两种观念传 统。前者以“载道”为宗旨，力图借助新闻实现传教之目的，因而注重阐述道理，格 外强调报道真实与新闻伦理；后者以“传事”为宗旨，意在营业谋生、广传近事，早 期并不重视新闻真实，主张事有可取皆能报道。19世纪后期，两种观念相互影响且渐 趋融合，但“载道”与“传事”的重心仍有差异，它们共同构成了此后国人自办报刊 中理解“新闻”的观念源头。

This article analyzes the journalism ideas of the Chinese newspapers in the 19th century based on the research of the early foreign newspapers. The study suggests that there are two different kinds of journalism ideas: "Yiwen" and "Fengwen" formed by missionaries' press and foreign commercial press due to the different understanding of the news. The former aims at “conveying truth”, trying to use the news to do missionary work, and thus pay attention to explain the truth, with special emphasis on the authenticity and ethics of news. The latter aims at “spreading messages”, intended to make a living and spread messages, and thus do not attach importance to the truth, advocating everything is expected to be reported. In the late of 19th century, these two journalism ideas in?uenced by each other and gradually merged together, but difference still existed in the core of “conveying truth” and “spreading messages”, which together constitutes the source of the idea of "news" in modern newspapers published by Chinese.