网络空间治理的核心是治理权归属问题。“互联网自治”作为最初占据主流地位的治理思想，在实践上是失败的。“互联网自治”暗含的理论前提是技术决定论，但技术与社会实际上是整体性下的互动关系。在网络空间治理问题上以“自治”为名，实际上掩盖了网络治理中的霸权和独裁。唯有建立新秩序，实质上打破网络霸权，才能在网络空间实现更广大地区更多人的利益和自由。今天对“互联网主权”的捍卫与对网络空间新秩序的追求，与当初“世界信息传播新秩序”运动本质上类似。作为负责任的新兴大国，中国倡导建立国际网络空间新秩序。

The core of cyberspace governance is the governance ownership. The initially mainstream governing thought, the idea of Cyberspace Self-governance was defeated in practice. It takes the Technological Determinism as an implicit prerequisite; however, technology is overall interactive with society. The idea of Cyberspace Self-governance covers up hegemony and dictatorship in the name of “Self-governance”. Establishing a new order to break the cyberspace hegemony is the only way to realize the benefits and freedom of the majority. Today the defence of the cyberspace sovereignty and the pursuit of a new order in cyberspace share the similar essence with the campaign of The New World Information and Communication Order. As a responsible emerging power, China is initiating the establishment of the international cyberspace new order.