“帝吧出征”事件在媒介舆论场中引起的震惊体验，刷新了文化精英和学界对以90 后、00后为主体的网络亚文化人群的认识，也带出了过往中国互联网和民族主义研究的理论和认知盲点。本研究从这一盲点出发，通过历史梳理，以及针对这一人群的在线多址民族志与生活史访谈为主要研究工具，尝试发展出一套“中层解释”——后现代商业文化语境下知情的民族主义者，用以描述在新媒体和流行文化工业环境下，更为丰富和复杂的文化与集体身份生产机制，同时，结合宏观的结构和历史化要素，讨论其未来可能的流变、潜能及限定。

The D8 Expedition has caused shock and heated discussions in public opinion both inside and outside China. It has renewed the understandings of the 90s and 00s generations among scholars and elites, and thus exposed theoretical and cognitive blind spots in the past studies of Chinese Internet nationalism. This paper tries to develop some “middle range” explanations of the “informed nationalists” under the context of new media commercial culture. We will frst give a historical recapitulation of the developments of online popular nationalism in China, and then use multi-sited online and of?ine ethnography to investigate how fans are turned into nationalists. The research is the frst step to reveal complex mechanisms of cultural production and collective identity formation in the era of new media and among cultural industries, and to explore their development, potential and limitations.