维新时期，张之洞与维新报刊之间的互动交往表现出了五种方式，在这复杂的互动交往过程中，对于报刊是什么这个问题，中央与地方之间尚未形成一致的认知和控制体系。以张之洞为代表的地方督抚们在晚清“督抚擅权”与“中央集权”的权力结构下，在与维新报刊的交往过程中以督抚利益为基础，并扮演着核心的交往角色。整个交往秩序体现了极其明显的地方性特征，并缺乏制度、法律等清廷制度体系的参与。交往秩序显得离散和无序，形成了一套具有晚清特色的报刊交往格局。

During the time of Reform Movement, there were five ways of communications between Zhang Zhidong and the reform presses, in which the central and local governments didn’t have an agreement on the essence of the presses and how to handle it. With the context of centralization, local governors of late Qing Dynasty, represented by Zhang Zhidong, led communications with presses based on local features, lacking the national system’s participation regarding institutions and laws. Thus,patterns of dispersion and disorder became the features of the press communications in the late Qing Dynasty.