高尔基的新闻活动跨越了沙俄、苏俄和苏联三个重要历史时期。而批判精神是高尔基新闻实践及新闻思想的重要支撑。在社会剧烈的变迁中，高尔基写下了数量很多的针对新闻及报刊的批评文字，其中涉及新闻理念、新闻制度、新闻业务等方方面面。本文从高尔基新闻活动所跨越的三个历史时期着眼，在梳理有关论述的基础上，对其不同时期的新闻批评实践和思想作初步探讨。

Gorky has been labeled as a petrel of revolution in China, and is widely recognized for his identity as a writer of socialist realism. However, it is rarely known that as a political theorist and journalist, this great humanitarian also harbored complicated and profound understanding of journalism. Gorky’s critical spirit is the foundation of his theories and practice in journalism. Based on a sketch of Gorky’s relevant arguments, this paper expounds his critical media conception and practice.