马克思在《资本论》及其手稿中大量使用了Kommunikation（传播）、Verkehr（交往）等概念进行论证。很多情况下这两个词既包括物质层面的交通运输，也包括精神层面的消息传递、电报往来、人际传播和关系建构等等。本文以《马克思恩格斯全集》历史考证版第二版（MEGA²）为依据，将其中这两个词以及相关的Transport（运输）一词的原词、派生词、复合词共计1213处，对照约1200万字的现有《资本论》及其手稿的中译文，制作各种比照表格和写出分析文字约50万字。确认相当多的Kommunikation、Verkehr被译为“交通”“交通运输”，而当代汉语“交通”主要指火车、轮船等运输工具，无形中造成马克思丰富的传播观被遮蔽。本文对这种情况从五个角度切入做了全面梳理，努力回归马克思论证的原意。

There is an extensive use of the words ‘Kommunikation’ (communication) and ‘Verkehr’ (intercourse) in Marx’s Das Capital and its manuscripts. Marx uses these two words in many cases include both the material dimension of transport and the mental dimension of message passing, telegraphic exchanging, interpersonal communication and relationship building, etc. Based on the second edition of Marx-Engels-Gesamtausgabe (MEGA²), we have checked all the two words and the related word ‘Transport’ (including derivatives and compounds), in which a total of 1,213 words are compared with the existing Chinese translations of Das Kapital and its manuscripts of about 12 million words. We made a variety of comparative tables and wrote an analysis about 500,000 words. It is confirmed that a considerable number of ‘Kommunikation’ and ‘Verkehr’ are translated as ‘transportation’ in chinese, whereas ‘transportation’ in contemporary Chinese mainly refers to trains, ships and other means of transport, which inadvertently causes Marx's rich view of communication to be obscured. So we make a comprehensive analysis of this situation from five aspects in this paper, and endeavour to return to Marx’s original meaning.