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孝子之养：健康信息关注与家庭沟通模式如何影响人们与父母分享健康信息
Research on How Information Attention and Family Communication Patterns Influence People’s Sharing of Health Information with Parents
本文基于问卷调查（N=582），结合认知中介模型和家庭沟通模式理论，从“个人-家庭”视角出发，考察了个人的健康信息关注和家庭的对话/妥协取向如何影响人们向父母分享健康信息。研究发现，在个体认知层面，人们的健康信息关注能够直接正向影响其与父母分享健康信息的行为，也能够间接地通过健康素养或通过健康信息精细处理和健康素养的链式中介促进人们与父母的健康信息分享；在家庭沟通层面，对话取向的家庭沟通模式能够驱动人们向父母分享健康信息。研究通过拓展认知中介模型明晰了个人的健康信息关注与其针对父母的健康信息分享之间的内在逻辑，同时通过聚焦家庭这一特定的场域证实了对话取向的家庭沟通模式对家庭内部健康信息传播的促进作用。
Based on a national survey (N=582), from the “individual-family” perspective, this study combined the cognitive mediation model and the family communication patterns theory to investigate how people’s attention to health information and the families’ conversation/conformity orientation affect people’s sharing of health information with their parents. The study found that, at the individual cognitive level, people’s attention to health information can directly enhance their health information sharing with parents. It can also indirectly influence their health information sharing behaviors through health literacy or the chain mediation of information elaboration and health literacy. At the family communication level, the conversation-oriented family communication pattern can significantly increase people’s health information sharing with their parents. This study underlines the connections between people’s information attention and their sharing of health information with parents by extending the cognitive mediation model. In addition, focusing on health communication within the family, this study confirms the positive effect of the conversation-oriented family communication pattern on health information sharing.
family communication / health communication / cognitive mediation model
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The cognitive mediation model predicts that the impact of a learning gratification for news media use on knowledge of news content is mediated by information processing variables. Specifically, surveillance gratifications seeking should encourage two forms of information processing: news attention and elaboration. These forms of information processing should covary and have a direct and positive impact on learning of news content. The impact of surveillance gratifications seeking on knowledge—expected at the zero-order level—should be approximately zero when these information processing variables are controlled. A secondary analysis of two sample surveys (N = 512 and N = 567) plus analysis of original data specifically designed to test the model (N = 299) provide nearly complete support for hypotheses derived from the model in the context of political learning from the news. Suggestions for expansion of the model are provided.
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Family can be a key site of support for individuals who are diagnosed with a health issue, as long as the health condition is known within the family unit. This online experiment investigated variables that influence the likelihood that college students will disclose a hypothetical health issue to a parent. Family communication patterns (FCP) theory informed this analysis by outlining the role of FCP in disclosure dynamics among college students and their parents. Through structural equation modeling, a novel mediation model of FCP demonstrated that conformity indirectly reduced the likelihood to disclose through the constraint on conversation. The sensitivity of the hypothetical health condition did not moderate the relationship of conformity on likelihood to disclose through conversation. However, regardless of FCP, respondents were less likely to disclose sensitive health issues.
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This study investigated the determinants of health information sharing behaviors of Chinese older adults living in rural areas. Drawing upon a widely used categorization of social support, we tested the effect of social embeddedness and perceived social support on health information sharing behavior, which is conceptualized as a type of enacted social support-informational support. Data were collected between June and August 2014 from 387 older Chinese adults aged 60-79 years in Linxi County of northern China. The results of hierarchical ordinary least squares regression analyses revealed that Chinese older adults' perceived social support from families and social embeddedness were positively associated with health information sharing behavior, net of the influence of social demographic controls and health information seeking and scanning behaviors. Furthermore, health information sharing behavior was also found to be positively associated with health information seeking and scanning behaviors. Overall, this study enriched the existing literature on health information sharing behavior by taking a social support perspective. A number of practical implications were also discussed.
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Electronic health tools provide little value if the intended users lack the skills to effectively engage them. With nearly half the adult population in the United States and Canada having literacy levels below what is needed to fully engage in an information-rich society, the implications for using information technology to promote health and aid in health care, or for eHealth, are considerable. Engaging with eHealth requires a skill set, or literacy, of its own. The concept of eHealth literacy is introduced and defined as the ability to seek, find, understand, and appraise health information from electronic sources and apply the knowledge gained to addressing or solving a health problem. In this paper, a model of eHealth literacy is introduced, comprised of multiple literacy types, including an outline of a set of fundamental skills consumers require to derive direct benefits from eHealth. A profile of each literacy type with examples of the problems patient-clients might present is provided along with a resource list to aid health practitioners in supporting literacy improvement with their patient-clients across each domain. Facets of the model are illustrated through a set of clinical cases to demonstrate how health practitioners can address eHealth literacy issues in clinical or public health practice. Potential future applications of the model are discussed.
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Mass communication researchers interested in family communication have traditionally assumed that family norms are shared by all family members, and apparent disagreement about family norms has been ascribed to instrument unreliability. A survey of 308 adolescent children and their parents, using a revised Family Communication Pattern (RFCP) instrument, yields evidence of systematic patterns of agreement and disagreement between mothers and fathers as well as between parents and children. Seventh-grade children are more likely to share their mothers' views on concept-orientation and their father's views on socio-orientation; by the 11th grade the opposité pattern holds. These results suggest that future work on family communication cannot ignore the influence of intrafamilial patterns of agreement and disagreement on communication norms defining the family.
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