《评普鲁士最近的书报检查令》是马克思早期新闻思想的代表作，而有关理解和 诠释日渐呈现某种去政治化和去历史化的趋向。为此，本文以唯物史观与“再解读” 的方法，深入社会历史语境与思想脉络，探索马克思早期新闻自由论述的内涵。研究 发现，马克思的论述一方面包含民主进步的时代内涵，如新闻自由即追求真理的自 由，一方面尚未超越启蒙理性与唯心主义的认识局限。对马克思早期新闻论述进行科 学研究与准确把握，既有助于破除去历史化和去政治化的迷思，又有益于明确科学社 会主义及其“以人民为中心”的新闻自由，并在新闻业与新闻学领域正心诚意追求 “两个百年中国梦”。

Most domestic journalism studies and interpretations about Marx’s early political essay, the Recent Book and Newspaper Inspection Order of Prussia, show a de-historicized and de86 国际新闻界 2020.09 politicized tendency. This paper, on the contrary, utilizes the methodology of “re-interpretation” with the perspective of historical materialism to excavate the historical context and theoretical development of Marx’s early thought in freedom of the press. This paper argues that Marx’s comments contain advanced thoughts of democracy and freedom, like requiring freedom of the press to pursue the truth, albeit limitation due to his own historical background influenced by Enlightenment rationality and idealism. By clarifying the misunderstanding of Marx’s early thoughts of journalism, this paper intends to rid of the myths of de-historicized and depoliticized arguments and underline freedom of the press which is people-centered and serves the development of Socialism.