本文采取使用—政策—效果视角考察了社交媒体在俄罗斯2011-2012年“为了诚实的 选举”运动中的使用以及引发的政策调整，并在后续事件发展的基础上初步评估了该政 策的短期和长期效果。2011年末至2012年3月，俄罗斯体制外政治反对派利用社交媒体组 织的“为了诚实的选举”抗议运动不仅催生了两个舆论场，还对政权的合法性提出了挑 战。因此，自2012年普京第三个总统任期以来，为了巩固政权和保障体制安全，开始调 整针对社交媒体的政策。概括地说，是从此前的放任转向约束。为此，俄罗斯政府综合 运用了法律手段、行政手段和资本手段。但是，尽管这种治理方式在短期内是有效的， 长期效果难以确定。

In this paper, we have investigated the use and effect of policy adjustments on the Russian social media in 2011 – 2012 protest campaign “For honest elections” from policy – cause perspective, as well as on the basis of follow-up events, we assessed possible short and long term effects of the mentioned policy. From late 2011 to March 2012, the Russian political opposition party’s use of social media to organize “For honest elections” protests not only gave birth to two public opinion felds but also challenged the legitimacy of the regime. Therefore, since the third term of Putin’s presidency in 2012, in order to consolidate the regime and provide the security for the system, the policy for social media has started to be regulated. In general, social media’s regulations from loose became strict. Up to now, the Russian government used legal means, administrative means, and capital means. However, although this governance model can be effective in the short term, the long-term effects are hard to predict.