The structure of human science and social science is almost corresponding to the structure of human society, and it can be divided into three structural types of discipline, which are: Longitudinal, Lateral and Comprehensive. These three structures are independent, yet mutually correlated and in?uenced. Under this frame system, the characteristics in the Science of Communication, which is one of the lateral disciplines, are distinctly presented: interdisciplinary, applicability and empirical approach. The science of communication, which was initiated in China 40 years ago, has brought us its key contributions as following: (1) discipline organization and institution;(2) talent cultivation: (3) academic research; (4) community service. In conclusion, the introduction and development of the science of communication in China in the last 4 decades has laid certain positive effect on the advance of economic construction and the social progress. Furthermore, with the rapid evolution of communication technology, a great potential and strong prosperous future is right there for all of us.