国内政治议题在被国际关注的过程中,国内媒体和政府的议程设置并不能完全奏 效,相比“就事论事”,国际媒体更倾向于“借题发挥”,即挑选与该国内议题相关 的其他视角或其他相关议题进行报道,从而影响国际受众对该议题的认识以及对议题发 生国的评价,这种现象即国内议题的国际溢出效果。这种溢出效果主要发生在政府政策 和领导人相关议题、与政治相关的经济议题、群体性事件、环境议题、人权议题、网络 安全等国内政治类议题的国际报道中。这些议题发生国际“溢出效果”的基本模式分三 步。首先,国内媒体和国际媒体之间发生议题的“共鸣”或“溢散”效应;然后由国际 媒体“由此及彼”进行延伸报道;最后,议题“溢回”国内舆论场,形成新的舆论焦 点,甚而发生“回飞镖效应”,对议题发生国的国际形象和国内秩序都造成伤害。

When domestic political issues are reported by international media, domestic government and media’s agenda-setting effects usually does not fully work. Compared to report factually, international media tend to select different perspectives or other relevant topics of the domestic issues and affect the international audience on the understanding of the issues as well as the view about the specific country. This phenomenon is called the international spillover effect of domestic issues. This effect occurs mainly in the international coverage of several types of issues such as government, policies and leaders related issues, also some economic issues related to politics, group events, environmental issues, human rights issues, network security and other domestic political issues. International "spillover effect" of domestic issues works in a mode of three steps: firstly, the "resonance" or "spillover-effect"take place between the domestic media and international media; secondly, international media report the domestic issues extendedly; thirdly, the issues flow back to the domestic public opinion field, and even leading to the occurrence of "boomerang effect". Therefore, the international image and domestic order of China will be damaged.