Regendering or Degendering: How Do Smart Home Technologies Reshape the Gendered Division of Labor in the Household?

WAN Xuting, WU Jingyu

Chinese Journal of Journalism & Communication ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2) : 47-69.

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Chinese Journal of Journalism & Communication ›› 2026, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (2) : 47-69.
Specific Topic/Digital Intelligence Technology and Family Communication Research

Regendering or Degendering: How Do Smart Home Technologies Reshape the Gendered Division of Labor in the Household?

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Abstract

Smart home technology is reshaping the landscape of domestic labor within the household realm and constitutes a crucial point of entry for understanding the interplay between contemporary technology and gender relations. This paper employs qualitative methods of home visits and in-depth interviews, in conjunction with the theory of gender performativity, to explore whether and how domestic labor in the digital transformation has become a testing ground for the reconfiguration of gender division of labor. The findings reveal that the introduction of smart home devices endows housework with new features of de-skilling, chain-linking, and distributed labor. What was once perceived as burdensome routine is transformed into manageable tasks and triggered labor, while also creating new possibilities for redistributing responsibilities among family members. At the same time, smart homes serve as arenas for gender performance and the reshaping of dispositions: women may resist conventional disciplining through household delegation or “technological outsourcing,” whereas men, while retaining technological authority, also extend their masculinities toward forms of intimate care. In this light, the use of smart home technologies in Chinese households destabilizes the binary framework of “technological masculinity” versus “domestic femininity,” pointing to a conditional trend of de-gendering in household divisions of labor and highlighting the embeddedness of gender justice claims in everyday practices.

Key words

Smart home / technological gendering / gender roles / fluid gender dispositions / non-human laborers

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WAN Xuting , WU Jingyu. Regendering or Degendering: How Do Smart Home Technologies Reshape the Gendered Division of Labor in the Household?[J]. Chinese Journal of Journalism & Communication. 2026, 48(2): 47-69

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Special Fund for Women’s Theory and Family Construction Research of Shandong Provincial Social Science Planning(25CFNJ11)
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