Based on a clarification of the connotations and essential characteristics of the CPC “international image construction” and “international image identity construction”, this paper conducts an overseas survey to examine international perceptions and identification with the CPC’s image. It further investigates the underlying factors influencing such identification. The paper argues that the essence of the CPC’s international image construction lies in the Party’s behaviors and the interpretations of those behaviors by both the CPC itself and the “others”. The essence of international image identity construction refers to the CPC’s efforts to “cultivate” “guide” or “attract” recognition from international audiences through its own actions, while counteracting the “disidentification” generated by externally constructed narratives. At present, there exists a considerable gap between the actual international recognition of the CPC’s image and the ideal projection. This gap is manifested in a range of perceptions among foreign publics, including a lack of understanding and curiosity, fear or anxiety, “hostility”, as well as varying degrees of recognition and support. The major impediments to international identification with the CPC’s image stem from low levels of strategic trust caused by conflicting interests; ideological aversion rooted in systemic and institutional differences; value divergences across cultural contexts; and cognitive and attitudinal barriers arising from both intentional distortions and unintentional misinterpretations.