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Media philosophy in German-speaking countries: Disciplinary approaches, theoretical constellation and future perspectives
LIU Yongqiang, WU Hongyu
Chinese Journal of Journalism & Communication ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3) : 46-66.
PDF(1626 KB)
PDF(1626 KB)
Media philosophy in German-speaking countries: Disciplinary approaches, theoretical constellation and future perspectives
It has been over 30 years since the term “media philosophy” was introduced in Germany in 1992. In recent years, this important intellectual resource has attracted the attention of scholars in China and has greatly broadens the horizons of Communication and Media Research. The aim of this article is to review the discussions around the disciplinary paths of media philosophy in German-speaking countries over the past 30 years and to present the pluralistic and heterogeneous visions that have emerged. On this basis, the paper focuses on media apriori, media phenomenology and media as verbs, critically reviewing the different views of media put forward by media philosophers. The discussion of technology in the field of media philosophy is also taken into account. Future research should remove labels on this discipline, give full play to theoretical self-consciousness, link ancient philosophical and local intellectual resources, and integrate political and economic dimensions into media philosophy.
media philosophy / German media theory / materiality of communication / mediality
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1. 在18世纪,德国语文学家为了维护所谓的德语“纯洁性”,常常主张用德语词“手段”(Mittel)来代替拉丁词“媒介”(Medium)。这也强化了媒介的工具性维度。
2. 基特勒2008年从柏林洪堡大学退休之后,仍在该校继续担任媒介哲学荣誉教授。但晚年接受采访时,他多次拒绝“媒介哲学”的标签,而更愿意做名副其实的“哲学家”。《音乐与数学》一书出版后,基特勒曾联系昔日在弗莱堡大学的哲学老师古佐尼(Ute Guzzoni),在邮件中语调悲伤地向她陈述自己当年未能成为哲学家的遗憾。
3. 应当注意,这样的划分更多是出于学科叙事的考量,“媒介哲学”与“媒介理论”之间的界限实际上并不如此清晰、绝对,上述几个概念也常被混用。
4. 近年来,马格莱特强调自己只是将媒介视作“偶然—建构性的参考框架”,绝不是对技术决定论老调重弹,与“像基特勒那样主张技术—物质的媒介先天”(Margreiter,
5. 诚然,克莱默尔曾经讨论过作为媒介的货币,但她同样坦言自己“并未着重反思社会、经济条件”(Krämer,
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