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John Urry’s new mobility paradigm and articulation and cultivation of sociological theories on materiality research in communication studies
WANG Xin, CUI SiYu
Chinese Journal of Journalism & Communication ›› 2023, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (3) : 26-45.
PDF(1620 KB)
PDF(1620 KB)
John Urry’s new mobility paradigm and articulation and cultivation of sociological theories on materiality research in communication studies
John Urry, an internationally renowned sociologist and Professor of Lancaster University in UK, has concentrated on the research of mobility theory, trying to transcend the dichotomy between transport research and social research and explore the redistribution of resources and information and social differences generated through mobility, which involves the relationship between mobile and immobile, the articulation of virtual and material space, and the materiality of mobility, etc., and finds out the relations of mobility theory with factors such as region, gender, class and race, etc.. Through a close reading and interpretation of “new mobility paradigm” and a semi-structured interview with Professor David Morley, this paper attempts to explore the implicit relationship between new mobility paradigm and the materiality in communication studies in intricate theory pedigree. one the one hand, the paradigm functions as the theory basis of communication research to return to the material dimension, which not only transcends media centralism, but also corrects the narrow concept of communication. On the other hand, mobility theory and daily mobility practice are re-examined from the perspective of interdisciplinary research of transportation, sociology and communication, etc., which makes it possible to connect communication studies with social reality on more issues and expand the new aspect of it. In addition, the influence of Urry’s mobility theory on communication also relies on communication scholars such as David Morley, Jeremy Packer, and Paul Adams who play an important role as theory connectors and converters.
John Urry / new mobility paradigm / mobility / materiality / sociology
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This article reflects on the contributions of the late John Urry to sociology and to its spatial turn especially by developing the new mobilities paradigm. The proposition of this monograph issue of Current Sociology is that space has not yet been appropriately incorporated into sociology. But although partially true, Urry argued that this misses the significance of ‘the mobilities turn’ that swept through and incorporated the spatial turn within sociology but also within other disciplines. Tracing the spatial turn back to the 1980s, the article describes how the new mobilities paradigm grew out of and extended emerging theorizations of space. It argues that Urry’s work advanced a sociology of space though his focus on mobile spatializations and relational space. This included the distribution of agency between people, places, and material assemblages of connectivity; a broader shift in the spatial imagination of mobilities towards ‘non-representational’ social theory; the emergence of new methodologies that were more eclectic, experimental, creative, and linked to arts, design, and public policy; and lastly a renewed interest in geo-ecologies, the political economy of resource flows, and the global mobilities of energy, capital, and material objects as constitutive of spatial complexity. The new mobilities paradigm furthered the spatial turn in social sciences in many crucial ways, and John Urry’s body of work on mobilities and its influence on countless adjacent research areas have spread that spatial thinking far and wide.
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This article discusses aspirational mobility and the digital gift in the context of forced migration in Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. It illustrates how gifting a mobile device and data enhances the aspirational mobility of forced migrants and intervenes into political codes, which promote social and technological isolation. Through the example of fieldwork with forced migrants and social media analysis, the article shows how participation, self-presentation, and social control were encouraged through the object and data gift. The migrants amplified their aspirational mobility by participating in urban life, presenting themselves in digital space, and maintaining romantic sociality with members of other marginalized migrant groups. The article elaborates on previous notions of technology as expanding social worlds for forced migrants while also highlighting the potential of technology for social control between migrant groups. The article also points to the potential dangers of social media use by asylum seekers for refugee status determination.
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"Suspension" is the translation of the Chinese term xuanfu, which has been widely used in public discussions in China since the mid-2010s. Suspension indicates a state of being in which people move frequently, conduct intensive labour, and pause routine life-in order to benefit fast and then quickly escape. People keep moving, with no end in sight, instead of changing their current conditions, of which they disapprove. As a result, frantic entrepreneurial energy coexists with political resignation. Suspension is a life strategy, a multitude of experiences, a feeling-and now, a keyword: a crystallized consciousness with which the public problematize their experiences. This special issue develops this term into an analytical approach based on ethnographic research involving labour migrants in and from China. This approach turns migration into a basis for critical analyses on issues far beyond it; enables co-research between researchers, migrants, and the broader public; and seeks to cultivate agency for change among actors. This introductory essay, based on the author's long-term field research and public engagement, outlines why we need such an approach, and how we might develop it.
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1. 国内学界对“mobility”这一名词的翻译并无统一译法。本文结合上下文语境，会分别将之翻译为 “流动”和“移动”，或者“流动性”“移动性”。当涉及到人和物的运动（movement），前者多使用“流动”，而后者则为“移动”。
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