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The Rupture of Stereotype: A Study of Woman Image Construction in Anime
LIU Xudong, QIAN Neng
Chinese Journal of Journalism & Communication ›› 2021, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (6) : 114-129.
PDF(1594 KB)
PDF(1594 KB)
The Rupture of Stereotype: A Study of Woman Image Construction in Anime
This study, through content analysis and thematic analysis, investigates woman images in terms of occupation, dominance, apparel, and violence stereotype. It confirms that traditional stereotype stills exists in the anime, but the stereotype also demonstrates contradiction and alienation. Women are represented in the episodes of reality anime with dominant involvement in the stories; they are in most cases still wearing skirts, but the likelihood of wearing pants substantially increases in reality anime. Typically featured with violence-free and submissiveness characteristics, women are constructed to be aggressive and to have disposal power in surreal anime: they are more likely to take the role of warriors who generally represent a masculine occupation. The multiple construction of women image abides by the status quo but at the same time deviates from the stereotype. This multi-dimensional construction suggests that animation has a contradictory tendency in verifying social reality while predicting consciousness. The study attributes this stereotype rupture to the recurrence of textual contradictions: on the one hand, the text retreats from secular culture, together with the memory and expectation of positivist audiences and women’s meanings; on the other hand, it attempts to challenge audiences through the construction of “anti-presence”. The text thus deviates from the closed narrative and uses multiple texts to withstand the central duality of gender.
anime / stereotype / construction / surreal / anti-presence
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1. 动漫类型编码规则。校园类动漫:动漫框架建构为校园场景和剧情(例如《好想告诉你》《樱兰高校男公关部》《学生会长是女仆》等);生活类动漫:动漫框架类似于现实世界并以生活情节为主要元素(例如《大头儿子小头爸爸》《宝贝女儿好妈妈》《樱桃小丸子》等);运动类动漫:以运动竞技为主要描写内容(例如《灌篮高手》《黑子的篮球》《free》等);探案类动漫:动漫以侦探案情类内容为主(例如《金田一少年侦探事件簿》《名侦探柯南》等);历史故事衍生类动漫:动漫框架建构基于历史故事展开(例如《秦时明月》《中华小当家》等);西方魔法衍生类动漫:动漫框架以西方魔法世界为基础,涉及到魔法师、狼人、吸血鬼等元素(例如《妖精的尾巴》《海贼王》等);未来科技衍生类动漫:动漫框架建构于未来科技或者未来末世,涉及到丧尸、变异种、机甲、星际宇宙、舰艇等元素(例如《高达》《尸兄》《学园默示录》《哆啦A梦》等);神话故事衍生类动漫:动漫框架出自神话,涉及到某某神,某某仙,或者中国的神话体系(例如《龙珠》《死神》《元气少女缘结神》《从前有座灵剑山》《我家有个狐仙大人》等);妖怪奇谈衍生类动漫:动漫框架以妖怪或者民间奇谈为世界架构,涉及元素有除妖师,妖魔鬼怪,志异杂谈等(例如《中国惊奇先生》《犬夜叉》《妖狐X仆SS》等)。
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