This study fills the gap by exploring the relationship between the level of scientific knowledge and the attitude towards controversial technologies, a major concern across societies over the past decades. Based on a national online probability sampling strategy, a survey yielding 1,235 valid cases was conducted. In this study, we found that people’s knowledge about a specifc technology issue, i.e., GMO, is related to their educational majors and GMOrelated new media usage. People’s knowledge about GMO, GMO’s general development and social consequences are positively related to their attitudes towards GMO. The implications of our fndings regarding science communication on GMO were also discussed accordingly.