The phenomenon of “missionizing through science & technology”in the missionary press, which involves the dual composite structure of science & technology communication and religious communication, was an important part of intercultural communication activities among the missionaries in Late Imperial China. Its formation was based on the internal cultural motivation centered on natural theology and the external reality motivation of the China’s national conditions. It had three diachronic communication structures: Removing obstacles, Doctrinal persuasion and Civilized assimilation. The phenomenon caused scientific spirit to be obscured by religious consciousness and hindered the spread of the former. By clarifying the ideological issues of science & technology communication, we make a balanced reassessment of its cultural value, and revise the unilateral recognition of the related content in the studies on history of modern Chinese press，history of modern Chinese science & technology communication, and history of modern Chinese thought. It is benefcial to rethink and enlighten the history and the state of Chinese science & technology communication.