The spreading of modern nation-state concept in the Yunnan border zones originated from the southwest frontier crisis in the late Qing Dynasty which caused by the invasion of western powers, and the idea of national defense of Qing government was forced to change by the contexts. Hence, the government of Qing had to pay more attention on Yunnan border defense. Thanks to the ideological trend of nationalism and nation-state concept, the modern boundary consciousness of Qing government became more clear. Being a modern nation state, from the late Qing Dynasty to the early Republic of China, was one of the core appeals of the Chinese people, and the government tried to assimilate the minority in the Yunnan border zones and strengthen the ability of frontier defense by new printing techniques, ideological weapon of the concept of modern nation state, and the school educational management. Meanwhile, the spreading process of the nation state concept, which originated from the border area, manipulated by the central , then back to the border, also was the process of education assimilation in this area. Historically, the process had been proved to be successful, but today the minorities’ worldview in Yunnan border zones is not disappeared or assimilated at all; and to some extent, it’s still vigorous.