PDF(1581 KB)
PDF(1581 KB)
PDF(1581 KB)
“算法的社会性知识”——短视频内容创作者的算法解释与知识的集体建构
“Algorithmic Social Knowledge”——Algorithmic Interpretation and Collective Knowledge Construction of Short-video Content Creators
算法已经成为当今世界的一个文化逻辑，但由于算法技术的结构性隐匿，关于算法的知识被框定为系统的纯粹技术性专业知识，忽视了对算法的社会性解释。在与用户对算法的感知研究和知识社会学的学术对话中，本研究概念化了“算法的社会性知识”，用以指涉与技术性算法知识相对的、在算法结构化的社交媒体中由用户集体建构的与算法有关的本土化问题解释。通过对短视频内容创作者进行的数码和实地民族志，本研究揭示了算法知识片段从算法-用户互动的具体日常情境中涌现的过程及其类型。这些局部的知识片段通过“私密验证”的方式进行关系性的拼贴，在松散的民间算法知识社群中被集体建构为“算法的社会性知识”。“算法的社会性知识”作为社会性的，而非认知性的实践知识，指导人们协商与算法的关系以导向应对算法的行动策略，并因此被纳入到算法的递归反馈回路之中，随不稳定的算法生态而快速变动。
Algorithm has become a cultural logic in today’s world. Due to the structural concealment of algorithm technology, the algorithmic knowledge is framed as pure technical expertise of the system, which ignores the social interpretation of algorithm. In a dialogue with previous studies on user perception of algorithms and the sociology of knowledge, this study conceptualizes “algorithmic social knowledge” to refer to the interpretation of algorithm-related problems that users collectively construct in algorithm-structured social media, as opposed to technical algorithmic knowledge. Through the online and offline ethnography of short-video content creators, this study reveals the process by which algorithmic knowledge fragments emerge from specific everyday situations of algorithm-user interaction, where these fragments can be distinguished as operational and prescriptive. These algorithmic knowledge fragments are collaged in relation by means of “private verification”, and are collectively constructed as “algorithmic social knowledge” in the loose folk algorithmic knowledge community. “Algorithmic social knowledge”, as social rather than cognitive knowledge, guides people to negotiate the relationship with the algorithm to develop the action strategy. Therefore, it is incorporated into the recursive feedback loop of the algorithm and changes rapidly with the whole unstable algorithm ecology.
算法知识 / 知识建构 / 知识社群 / 日常情境 / 短视频内容创作者
algorithmic knowledge / knowledge community / everyday situation / knowledge construction / Short-video content creator
| [1] |
彼得·伯格, 托马斯·卢克曼(1966/2019). 《现实的社会建构》(吴肃然,李钧鹏译). 北京: 北京大学出版社.
|
| [2] |
陈向明(2000). 《质的研究方法与社会科学研究》. 北京: 教育科学出版社.
|
| [3] |
陈阳, 吕行(2022). 控制的辩证法:农村青少年的短视频平台推荐算法抵抗——基于“理性—非理性”双重中介路径的考察. 《新闻记者》(7),71-87.
|
| [4] |
卡尔·曼海姆(1929/2002). 《意识形态与乌托邦》(黎鸣,李书崇译). 北京: 商务印书馆.
|
| [5] |
科西莫·亚卡托(2018/2021). 《数据时代:可编程未来的哲学指南》(何道宽译). 北京: 中国大百科全书出版社.
|
| [6] |
迈克尔·波兰尼(1958/2017). 《个人知识:迈向后批判哲学》(徐陶译). 上海: 上海人民出版社.
|
| [7] |
迈克尔·马尔凯(1979/2001). 《科学与知识社会学》(林聚任译). 北京: 东方出版社.
|
| [8] |
潘霁(2021年11月11日).与黑盒共舞:算法研究的方法论转型.《中国社会科学报》,007.
|
| [9] |
孙萍, 邱林川, 于海青 (2021). 平台作为方法:劳动,技术与传播. 《新闻与传播研究》,(S1),8-24+126.
|
| [10] |
王佳鹏(2021). 知识的起源、碰撞与综合——曼海姆的知识传播思想及其贡献. 《国际新闻界》,(7),80-98..
|
| [11] |
威廉·詹姆斯(1890/2013). 《心理学原理》(唐钺译). 北京: 北京大学出版社.
|
| [12] |
张萌 (2022). 从规训到控制:算法社会的技术幽灵与底层战术. 《国际新闻界》,(1),156-176.
|
| [13] |
张伟伟(2018). “实践知识”与“表象知识”——作为“知识”的新闻与媒介社会学的研究演进. 《新闻记者》,(9),56-66.
|
| [14] |
|
| [15] |
|
| [16] |
|
| [17] |
Beauty vloggers’ feminised outputs often position them outside of traditional spheres of technical expertise, however, their strategic management of algorithmic visibility makes them an illuminating source of algorithmic knowledge. I draw from an ethnography of beauty vloggers and industry stakeholders to study the collaborative and directive processes used to formulate and sustain algorithmic expertise – algorithmic gossip. Algorithmic gossip is defined as communally and socially informed theories and strategies pertaining to recommender algorithms, shared and implemented to engender financial consistency and visibility on algorithmically structured social media platforms. Gossip is productive: community communication and talk informs and supports practices such as uploading frequently and producing feminised beauty content to perform more effectively on YouTube. Taking gossip seriously can present a valuable resource for revealing information about how algorithms work and have worked, in addition to revealing how perceptions of algorithms inform content production.
|
| [18] |
|
| [19] |
The authors describe changes in user’s trust on the Internet in Britain between 2003 and 2009, and show how the relationship between age and trust can be explained by a combination of experience with the Internet and general attitudes toward technology. The comparison uses 2003 results reported by Dutton and Shepherd (2006) versus similarly sampled 2009 data. The authors examine two sets of dependent variables—perceptions of trust and risk on the Internet and use of the Internet for e-commerce, an anticipated impact of trust. The authors find that indicators of trust are related to experience with the technology, although this relationship is less important in 2009 than it was in 2003. The authors also find that trust is influenced by general attitudes toward technology. When both experience on the Internet and technology attitudes are controlled, the relation between indicators of trust and age disappears. This finding is particularly interesting since age is usually an important predictor of many aspects of the Internet; it suggests that the role of age can be mitigated by addressing the degree to which older individuals tend to have less experience with the Internet and more scepticism about the role of technology in society. Interventions could address both of these determinants of distrust.
|
| [20] |
This article explores the new modalities of visibility engendered by new media, with a focus on the social networking site Facebook. Influenced by Foucault’s writings on Panopticism – that is, the architectural structuring of visibility – this article argues for understanding the construction of visibility on Facebook through an architectural framework that pays particular attention to underlying software processes and algorithmic power. Through an analysis of EdgeRank, the algorithm structuring the flow of information and communication on Facebook’s ‘News Feed’, I argue that the regime of visibility constructed imposes a perceived ‘threat of invisibility’ on the part of the participatory subject. As a result, I reverse Foucault’s notion of surveillance as a form of permanent visibility, arguing that participatory subjectivity is not constituted through the imposed threat of an all-seeing vision machine, but by the constant possibility of disappearing and becoming obsolete.
|
| [21] |
|
| [22] |
|
| [23] |
|
| [24] |
|
| [25] |
|
| [26] |
|
| [27] |
|
| [28] |
|
| [29] |
|
| [30] |
|
| [31] |
|
| [32] |
|
| [33] |
|
| [34] |
|
| [35] |
|
| [36] |
|
| [37] |
While the recent proliferation in philosophical discussions in International Relations indicates a welcome increase in the discipline’s conceptual sophistication, a central issue has gone relatively unremarked: the question of how to understand the relationship between scholarly observers and their observed objects. This classical philosophical problem has a number of implications for the conduct of inquiry in the discipline, and raises particular challenges for the status of knowledge-claims advanced by constructivists. I clarify these issues and challenges by distinguishing between ‘dualist’ and ‘monist’ ontological standpoints, in the hope of provoking a more focused philosophical discussion.
|
| [38] |
|
| [39] |
|
| [40] |
|
| [41] |
|
| [42] |
|
| [43] |
|
| [44] |
|
| [45] |
|
| [46] |
|
| [47] |
|
| [48] |
|
| [49] |
|
| [50] |
|
| [51] |
|
| [52] |
|
| [53] |
|
| [54] |
|
| [55] |
|
| [56] |
|
| [57] |
|
| [58] |
|
1. XK记录的数据是指他在抖音创作服务平台的创作者界面中能够看到的数据。抖音、快手、哔哩哔哩等视频社交平台都有类似的后台数据服务功能。用户在后台即可观察到作品的数据反馈情况和变化。
2. 一种统计方法，用于将两种或多种技术进行比较，通常是将当前采用的技术与新技术进行比较。A/B测试不仅旨在确定哪种技术的效果更好，而且还有助于了解相应差异是否具有显著的统计意义。A/B测试通常是采用一种衡量方式对两种技术进行比较，但也适用于任意有限数量的技术和衡量方式。参考来源：
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
