From the 1930s to the 1970s, it was the golden age of the development of Chinese picturestory books which discourses of audience showed a complex multi-dimensional historical orientation with the great changes of the social forms. In the context of the national capitalism in the 1930s, picture-story books readers were regarded as “mass”, this discourse was explained separately in two dimensions, “the underprivileged consumer of business culture” and “the enlightened by revolutionary potential”. With the great changes in the social system, it had been replaced by the “Worker-Peasant-Soldier” established by “Yan’an Speech”, and this discourse was also reconstructed in two dimensions, “the source of creation and ideological remolding” and “the object of communist education”. In this process, as the main reading group of picture-story books, the children discourse of audience was weakened until it was dispelled into the dominant discourse. Different discourses of audience reflected the competition between business and political ideology for picture-story books readers, at the same time, they were also constructing each other with the society.